Statistics & Probability

What you’ll learn

• Random sampling supports generalizing from data; convenience samples often hide bias.
• Two random samples from the same population still differ because of sampling variability.
• When comparing groups, look at center, spread, and overlap before declaring one "winner."
• Uniform probability models assign equal chance to each outcome; unfair models need explicit weights.
• Compound events use organized lists, tables, or trees; independence means you can multiply stage probabilities.