Volleyball

Hitting efficiency, serve receive, sideouts, and court math.

8 formulas

Stats

Hitting Percentage

\text{Hitting \%} = \frac{K - E}{TA} \times 100

Hitting efficiency: kills (attacks that score) minus errors (attacks that give the other team a point), divided by total attempts.

Stats

Kill Percentage

\text{Kill \%} = \frac{K}{TA} \times 100

Share of attack attempts that end in a kill (a point on that swing), without subtracting errors.

Stats

Sideout Percentage

\text{Sideout \%} = \frac{W}{R} \times 100

When the other team serves, sideout % is how often you win the rally and get to serve next.

Stats

Average Pass Rating

\text{Avg} = \frac{S}{N}

Mean pass quality score (often 0–3 scale: 0 = ace against, 3 = perfect pass) divided by passes graded.

Angles & distance

Court Diagonal

d = \sqrt{L^2 + W^2}

Straight-line distance across a full court rectangle (NCAA court 60 ft by 30 ft per side).

Angles & distance

Approach Jump Angle

\theta = \arctan\left(\frac{\text{rise}}{\text{run}}\right)

Steepness of an approach jump path from horizontal run to vertical rise (arctangent turns rise over run into degrees).

Angles & distance

Net Clearance at Contact

C=\text{reach}-\text{net}

How far your contact point is above the net tape (women's net often 7 ft 4⅛ in, about 88 inches).

Trajectory

Serve Arc Height

h(t) = -\frac{1}{2}gt^2 + v_0 t + h_0

A float or jump serve rises and falls on a parabola until it crosses the net or lands in the court.

About sports math

Sports math applies real formulas to the games students follow—batting average and ERA in baseball, shooting percentages in basketball, passer rating in football, xG and group-stage points for World Cup Seattle 2026 soccer, plus golf and volleyball stats and the physics of speed, distance, and projectile motion.

Each sport pairs a plain-language formula with a calculator and links to the Formula Library, turning stats and game situations into approachable practice for ratios, percentages, and algebra.